Posters
Poster presentations at ISMB 2020 will be presented virtually. Authors will pre-record their poster talk (5-7 minutes) and will upload it to the virtual conference platform site along with a PDF of their poster.
All registered conference participants will have access to the poster and presentation through the conference and content until October 31, 2020. There are Q&A opportunities through a chat function to allow interaction between presenters and participants.
Preliminary information on preparing your poster and poster talk are available at:
https://www.iscb.org/ismb2020-general/presenterinfo#posters
Ideally authors should be available for interactive chat during the times noted below:
View Posters By Category
Poster Session A: July 13 & July 14 7:45 am - 9:15 am Eastern Daylight Time |
Session B: July 15 and July 16 between 7:45 am - 9:15 am Eastern Daylight Time |
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| July 14 between 10:40 am - 2:00 pm EDT |
Short Abstract: Accumulating evidences of noncanonical translation occurring in the cell suggest that the proteome and, consequently, the immunopeptidome are more diverse than previously anticipated. Here, we integrated RNA-sequencing, ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry to elucidate the contribution of noncanonical translations to the biogenesis of these two protein/peptide repertoires. We developed a novel proteogenomic approach that builds complete and parsimonious protein databases suitable for MS-based protein identification and identified 2,503 new unannotated proteins in three diffuse B-cell lymphoma cell lines: 661 new isoforms and 1,842 cryptic proteins of which 83% derived from allegedly non-coding regions and 17% from out-of-frame translation. We showed that unannotated proteins were translated as efficiently as canonical proteins. Moreover, cryptic proteins, contrarily to canonical proteins, are initiated from alternative start codons, are shorter, less stable, display both a higher proportion of disordered residues and a higher instability index, and contribute more efficiently to the repertoire of MHC I-associated peptides (MAPs). Translation of cryptic 5’UTRs hindered translation of genes involved in transcription, translation and anti-viral responses. Novel isoforms showed a strong enrichment for signaling pathways dysregulated in cancer. Our study shows that the cryptic proteome (found in whole cell extracts) and the cryptic immunopeptidome represent largely non overlapping universes.
Short Abstract: To describe age-related changes in mice, we analyzed peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), spleens, and sorted CD8+ T cells using flow cytometry, RNA-sequencing and ATAC-sequencing protocols in long-living C57BL/6J and short-living NZO/HILtJ mouse strains (n=72). We compared these to flow cytometry, ATAC-seq, and RNA-seq data in human PBMCs across human lifespan (n = 74). Differential gene expression analyses showed that increased inflammation is a significant genomic signature of immune system aging. Using a two step-approach, we implemented LASSO regression to build genomic clocks from human and mice gene expression profiles. Genes associated with cytotoxicity and CD8+ T cells were strong predictors of chronological age, with R2 = 0.72 in human and R2 = 0.93 in mice. These models included important molecules that are up-regulated (e.g., IFNG, PTPN7, GZMA) and down-regulated with age (e.g., CD8B). Predictive models from flow cytometry data confirmed the importance of CD8+ T cells in human immune system aging. Genes associated with inflammation were predictive in mice (R2 = 0.95), but not as predictive in human (R2 = 0.56) and included previously observed biomarkers of aging (e.g., CRP in humans). These analyses established increased cytotoxicity as an biomarker of aging, even more important than increased inflammation in human.
Short Abstract: CD4+ helper and regulatory T cells that respond to common allergens play an important role in driving and dampening airway inflammation in patients with asthma. Until recently, direct, unbiased molecular analysis of allergen-reactive T-cells has not been possible. To better understand the diversity of these T-cells in allergy and asthma, we analyzed the single-cell transcriptome of ~50,000 house dust mite (HDM) allergen-reactive T cells from asthmatics with HDM allergy and from three control groups: asthmatics without HDM allergy and non-asthmatics with and without HDM allergy. Our analyses show that HDM allergen-reactive T cells are highly heterogeneous, and certain subsets are quantitatively and qualitatively different in subjects with HDM-reactive asthma. The number of interleukin-9 expressing HDM-reactive TH cells is greater in asthmatics compared with non-asthmatics with HDM allergy and display enhanced pathogenic properties. More HDM-reactive TH and Treg cells expressing the interferon-response signature are present in asthmatics without HDM allergy. In cells from these subsets, expression of TNFSF10 was enriched; its product, TRAIL, dampens activation of TH cells. These findings suggest that these subsets may dampen allergic responses, which may help explain why only some people develop TH2 responses to nearly ubiquitous allergens.
